Utilización de los servicios de urgencias en zonas rurales y urbanas / Use of emergency departments in rural and urban areas in Spain

Objetivos: Describir la utilización de los servicios de urgencias (SU) y analizar las diferencias entre zonas rurales y urbanas. Material y métodos: Con la Encuesta Nacional de Salud de los años 2006 y 2011 se describen los perfiles de los pacientes que tienen visitas al SU según tamaño del municipio de residencia y se identifican las variables asociadas con tener una visita a los SU para determinar el efecto del tamaño del municipio de residencia. Resultados: En ambos años, la mayor utilización de SU se observa en las personas que utilizan más Atención Primaria u hospitales, que tienen peor salud autopercibida y estado funcional, con más enfermedades crónicas, de clases sociales más bajas, y de menor edad. Ajustando por el resto de las variables, los residentes en municipios de más habitantes o capitales de provincia tienen una mayor frecuentación de SU que los residentes en municipios más pequeños, que tienen una mayor utilización de SU públicos y no hospitalarios, que los residentes en zonas urbanas. Discusión: Existe una utilización más elevada de los SU por los habitantes de zonas urbanas que no puede justificarse por su peor estado de salud, lo que indicaría no una infrautilización en zonas rurales, sino sobreutilización en zonas urbanas (AU)

Objectives: Describe the use of emergency departments (ED), and analyse the differences in use between residents in rural and urban areas. Material and methods: Using data from the National Health Survey of 2006 and 2011, the profiles of patients with ED visits by population size of place of residence were obtained. The variables associated with making one visit to the ED were also evaluated, in order to determine the effect of the population size of place of residence. Results: A higher use of ED is observed in persons with a higher frequency of use of Primary Care and hospital admissions, and increases with worse self-perceived health and functional status, with more chronic diseases, in people from lower social classes, and younger ages. Adjusting for the other variables, residents in larger cities have a higher use of ED than residents in rural areas, who show a higher use of public and non-hospital based ED, than residents in urban areas. Discussion: There is a higher use of ED by inhabitants of urban areas that cannot be justified by a worst health status of that population. This tends to indicate that the use of ED is not under-used in rural areas, but overused in urban areas (AU)

[Use of emergency departments in rural and urban areas in Spain]. / Utilización de los servicios de urgencias en zonas rurales y urbanas.

OBJECTIVES: Describe the use of emergency departments (ED), and analyse the differences in use between residents in rural and urban areas. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Using data from the National Health Survey of 2006 and 2011, the profiles of patients with ED visits by population size of place of residence were obtained. The variables associated with making one visit to the ED were also evaluated, in order to determine the effect of the population size of place of residence. RESULTS: A higher use of ED is observed in persons with a higher frequency of use of Primary Care and hospital admissions, and increases with worse self-perceived health and functional status, with more chronic diseases, in people from lower social classes, and younger ages. Adjusting for the other variables, residents in larger cities have a higher use of ED than residents in rural areas, who show a higher use of public and non-hospital based ED, than residents in urban areas. DISCUSSION: There is a higher use of ED by inhabitants of urban areas that cannot be justified by a worst health status of that population. This tends to indicate that the use of ED is not under-used in rural areas, but overused in urban areas.